زمین شناسی مهندسی

زمین شناسی مهندسی

پتانسیل‌یابی مناطق مستعد احداث سد زیرزمینی در سطح کشور

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
2 شرکت مهندسین مشاور ساحل امید ایرانیان
چکیده
از جمله روش‌های حفظ منابع آب در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک مانند ایران، ساخت سدهای زیرزمینی است، اما یافتن مکان‌های مناسب برای ساخت این سازه‌های آبی همچنان یک چالش است. هدف این مقاله مکان‌یابی ساخت سد زیرزمینی با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سیستم‌های تصمیم‌گیری است. در ابتدا نقشه‌های موضوعی مشتمل بر وضعیت زمین‌شناسی، کاربری اراضی، پتانسیل زمین‌لغزش، توپوگرافی، تنش آبی، محدوده آبخوان‌ها و فاصله از سد، روستا، قنات، آبراهه، گسل، فرودگاه و جاده در محیط ArcGIS تهیه شدند و امتیازدهی آن‌ها با استفاده از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و منطق فازی انجام گرفت. در نهایت، با حذف مناطق نامناسب و ممنوعه در ایجاد سد زیرزمینی، نقشه نهایی پتانسیل این سازه تهیه گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که استان‌های خراسان رضوی و جنوبی، کرمان، یزد، سیستان و بلوچستان، همدان، قزوین، زنجان و تا حدودی استان‌های مرکزی و قم از پتانسیل بالاتری نسبت به سایر استان‌های کشور برای احداث سدهای زیرزمینی برخوردارند. در نهایت، نتایج ارائه شده جهت صحت‌سنجی با چندین پروژه موفق سد زیرزمینی در کشور تطبیق داده شد که حاکی از تطابق نسبتاً خوب نقشه پتانسیل با سازه‌های اجرا شده بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

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