Engineering Geology

Engineering Geology

The position of groundwater studies in tunnel projects in Iran

Author
massoud morsali
University of Isfahan
10.22034/JEG.2023.17.3.1019231
Abstract
Tunneling in a saturated environment and the intrusion of groundwater flow into tunnels during excavation is one of the most serious problems in tunneling projects. Water ingress into the tunnel can lead to damage to tunnel construction equipment, personnel, the excavation process, etc. The hydrogeological studies of the springs along the tunnel route and the estimation of the water entering the tunnel also investigate the possibility of drying up or reducing the water level of the tunnel route. The hydrogeological studies of the springs along the tunnel route and the estimation of the water inflow into the tunnel will also examine the possibility of drying up the springs or reducing the water level of the tunnel route. On the other hand, the complications of water ingress into the tunnel and the lack of an accurate and appropriate method increase the importance of these studies. Experimental and analytical methods are available to predict water inflow into a tunnel. In this article, in addition to presenting the general process of carrying out hydrogeological studies of tunnels, the weight percentage of hydrogeological studies and the problems associated with them are discussed. On average, more than 30% of all tunnel problems are related to groundwater, but less than 5% of studies are carried out in this field. The disproportionate weight of the above two cases and its causes are among the other cases discussed in this article.
Keywords
groundwater
Tunnel
issue excavation
separation of studies
Coli, N., Pranzini, G., 2013. Tunneling and hydrogeological issue: A short review of the current state of the art, Rock Mechanics and rock engineering, Doi:10.1007/s00603-012-0319-x.
Dieter, W., 2010. Alborz Service Tunnel in Iran: TBM Tunnelling in Difficult Ground Conditions and its Solutions, Amberg Engineering Ltd., 1st Regional and 8th Iranian Tunneling Conference, Tehran, Iran.
El Tani, M., 2003. Circular tunnel in a semi-infinite aquifer, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 18, 49–55.
Golian, M., Teshnizi, E.S. & Nakhaei, M., 2018. Hydrogeology Journal, Doi: 10.1007/s10040-018-1835-x.
Goodman, R.E., Moye, D.G., Van Schalkwyk, A., Javandel, I., 1965. Ground water inflows during tunnel driving. Bull. Ass. Eng. Geologists 2, 35–56.
Hassanpour, J., Lotfipoor, A. & Morsali, M., 2021. Introduction of an empirical classification system for evaluating tunneling impact on the discharge of springs (TIS) in the surrounding areas. Bull Eng Geol Environ (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-021-02268-5.
Heuer, R. E. 2001. Estimating Rock tunnel water inflow. Geotechnical consulting McHenry.
Jinfeng Bi, Hong Jiang, Wenqi Ding, 2023. Analytical solution for calculating the flow rate in a lined tunnel with drainage systems, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2023.105132.
Liu, Xialin, 2022. Predicting Tunnel Groundwater Inflow by Geological Investigation Using Horizontal Directional Drilling Technology, Advances in Civil Engineering Volume, 2022, Article ID 6578331, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6578331.
Milanovic, P., 2007. Nowsoud water conveyance tunnel project, Mission Report, Iran Water & Power Resources Development Company.
Mirmehrabi, H., Hassanpour, J., Morsali M. and Tarigh azali S., 2008. Experiences Gained from Gas and Water Inflow Toward the Tunnel, Case Study: Aspar Anticline, Kermanshah, Iran, 5th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium, 24-26 November 2008, Tehran. Iran.
Morsali, M., Nakhaei, M., Rezaei, M., Nasery, H., and Hassanpour, J., 2017. A New Approach of Water head estimation based on water inflow into the tunnel (Case study: Karaj water conveyance tunnel), Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology. DOI: 10.1144/qjegh2016-015, (IF: 1.263).
Morsali, Massoud, Rezaei, Mohsen, 2017. Assessment of H2S emission hazards into tunnels: The Nosoud tunnel case study from Iran, journal of Environmental Earth Sciences, DOI: 10.1007/s12665-017-6493-0, (IF: 1.765).
Saberinasr, A., Morsali, M., Hashemnejad, A., Hassanpour, J., 2019. Determining the groundwater elements origin using Hydrochemical data (Case study: Kerman water conveyance tunnel), Environ Earth Sci, 78: 198. DOI: 10.1007/s12665-019-8182-7, (IF: 1.765).
Sharifzadeh, M., Javadi, M., 2017. Groundwater and Underground Excavations: from Theory to Practice [Series: Rock Mechanics and Engineering, volume 3, Chapter 10, Editor: Xia-Ting Feng; CRC Press]
Zarei, H.R., Uromeihy, A., Sharifzadeh, M., 2010. Evaluation of high local groundwater inflow to a rock tunnel by characterization of geological features, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Volume 26, Issue 2, March 2011, Pages 364-373.
Zolfaghari, M., Mokhtari, E., Morsali, M., 2011. Geological evidences of collapse zones in TBM tunneling; a case study of Ghomroud water conveyance tunnel, IRAN, ATS11-02113.