زمین شناسی مهندسی

زمین شناسی مهندسی

مدل سازی رابطه نوسان آب‌های زیرزمینی با دبی رودخانه دز در دشت دزفول- اندیمشک

نویسندگان
دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر
چکیده
محدوده مورد مطالعه بخشی از حوضه رودخانه دز به‌شمار می‌آید که در قسمت میانی تا بخش انتهایی آن قرار دارد. در این محدوده به علت شرایط اقلیمی، نامنظم بودن توزیع بارندگی از نظر زمانی و مکانی، افزایش تقاضا برای منابع آب و محدودیت منابع آب سطحی، وابستگی زیادی به آب‌های زیرزمینی منطقه وجود دارد. هدف اصلی در این پژوهش بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر نوسانات سطح ایستابی دشت دزفول- اندیمشک طی دوره آماری ۲۰ ساله است. به این منظور با استفاده از داده‌های تراز چاه‌های پیزومتری و لاگ چاه­های محدوده مطالعاتی در نرم‌افزار WinLog، نقشه‌های سطح آب زیرزمینی و افت سطح ایستابی به روش IDW تهیه گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که بیشترین افت در قسمت‌های شمال شرق، جنوب شرق و غرب محدوده مطالعاتی رخ داده است. با توجه به این‌که در این قسمت‌ها میزان بارش زیاد و مقدار تبخیر و دما بالا است، یکی از دلایل افت در این قسمت‌ها را می‌توان به عوامل اقلیمی منطقه نسبت داد. از دیگر عوامل موثر در افت سطح ایستابی، می‌توان به فاصله از کانال اصلی رودخانه و شیب زیاد منطقه اشاره کرد. مقایسه تغییرات سطح ایستابی با دبی رودخانه دز نشان داد که همبستگی بالایی بین تغییرات این دو پارامتر با فاصله زمانی یک سال وجود دارد. بنابراین می‌توان رودخانه را به‌عنوان عامل مهم تغذیه منابع آب زیرزمینی در محدوده‌ی مطالعاتی در نظر گرفت. با توجه به رونق فعالیت‌های کشاورزی، چنانچه برداشت از این منابع محدود، به طور علمی و اصولی مدیریت نشود، منطقه در آینده در معرض خطر جدی بحران آب قرار خواهد گرفت.
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