All rockfill materials subjected to stresses above the normal geotechnical ranges exhibit considerable particle breakage. Particle breakage and crushing of the large particles to smaller ones result in a lower strength and higher deformability. The breakage of particle that is observed in the large scale triaxial tests, is usually expressed quantitatively by the Marsal breakage index, . This paper presents a method for calculating at any axial strain level in the large triaxial tests. The model used Rowe’s minimum energy principle ratio. The key parameter in modeling , is the friction angle which excludes dilation and breakage effects, . The results indicate that the internal friction angles at confining pressure equal and less than 200 kPa at the constant volume state is a unique value. Moreover, there is a linear relationship between the variation of energy spent on particle breakage to Marsal Breakage index with confining pressure, at failure axial strain.
Sorosh,A , Hashemi tabatabaee,S and ghalandarzadeh,A . (2026). Assessment of particle breakage in rockfill materials using triaxial testing. Engineering Geology, 5(2), 1193-1216.
MLA
Sorosh,A , , Hashemi tabatabaee,S , and ghalandarzadeh,A . "Assessment of particle breakage in rockfill materials using triaxial testing", Engineering Geology, 5, 2, 2026, 1193-1216.
HARVARD
Sorosh A, Hashemi tabatabaee S, ghalandarzadeh A. (2026). 'Assessment of particle breakage in rockfill materials using triaxial testing', Engineering Geology, 5(2), pp. 1193-1216.
CHICAGO
A Sorosh, S Hashemi tabatabaee and A ghalandarzadeh, "Assessment of particle breakage in rockfill materials using triaxial testing," Engineering Geology, 5 2 (2026): 1193-1216,
VANCOUVER
Sorosh A, Hashemi tabatabaee S, ghalandarzadeh A. Assessment of particle breakage in rockfill materials using triaxial testing. Engineering Geology. 2026;5(2):1193-1216 (In Persian).