Journal of Engineering Geology
نشریه زمین شناسی مهندسی
Journal of Engineering Geology
Basic Sciences
http://jeg.khu.ac.ir
1
admin
2228-6837
2981-1600
doi
fa
jalali
1399
5
1
gregorian
2020
8
1
14
2
online
1
fulltext
fa
محاسبۀ شاخص اکولوژیکی سناریوهای مدیریت پسماند سیرجان با رویکرد ارزیابی چرخه حیات
Calculation of Ecological Indexes of Waste Management Scenarios in Sirjan City with the Life Cycle Assessment Approach
مهندسی محیط زیست
En. Ecosystem
مطالعه موردی
Case-Study
<span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پسماند از تولیدات غیرقابل اجتناب هر جامعه و مدی</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ریت پسماند یکی از نیازهای اصلی آن جامعه است. از اینرو استقرار سامانه مدیریت پسماند ضروری است. در سیستم مدیریت مواد زائد جامد، با توجه به میزان تولید و ترکیب پسماند گزینههای مختلفی برای مدیریت آن وجود دارد. ارزیابی اثرات زیستمحیطی چرخۀ حیات این گزینهها نقش بهسزایی در کاهش و حل مشکلات مدیریت خدمات شهری بهعهده دارد. هدف از این پژوهش مقایسۀ سناریوهای مختلف مدیریت پسماند در شهرستان سیرجان و انتخاب سناریو برتر با رویکرد ارزیابی چرخه حیات است. بدینمنظور 4 سناریو در نظر گرفته شد و فهرستنویسی چرخه حیات در هر سناریو بهکمک مدل یکپارچه پسماند (</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">IWM-2</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) انجام شد. <a name="OLE_LINK76"></a><a name="OLE_LINK75">نتایج بهدست آمده از فهرستنویسی به 5 طبقه اثرشامل مصرف انرژی، گازهای گلخانهای، گازهای اسیدی، مه دود فتوشیمیایی، خروجیهای سمی تخصیص داده شد. مقادیر فهرست شده در فاکتورهای ویژگی سازی ضرب شد و شاخص اکولوژیکی برای هر یک از سناریوها بهدست آمد. </a></span>با مقایسه سناریوها از نظر زیستمحیطی، سناریوی دوم (4/68 درصد کمپوست، 2/19درصد بازیافت،4/12درصد لندفیل) بهعنوان گزینۀ برتر دفع پسماند شهری شهرستان سیرجان انتخاب شد.</span>
<strong>Introduction</strong><br>
Solid waste is one of the unavoidable products of every society that necessitates the establishment of municipal solid waste management system. Because of variability in quantity and composition of municipal solid wastes, several management scenarios are considered. Assessing the environmental impacts of the life cycle of these scenarios will have a significant role in reducing and resolving urban service management problems. The aim of this study was to compare different scenarios of municipal solid <a name="OLE_LINK10">waste management</a> in Sirjan city using life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. LCA methodology is used to evaluate the environmental performance of the waste management of Sirjan for different scenarios, according to the ISO standards 14040 series 2006.<br>
<strong>Material and methods</strong><br>
After identifying the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the produced wastes within the scope of the study, the quadratic steps of the LCA method are followed in relation to each of the scenarios. The stages of life cycle assessment in the present research are as follows:<br>
1. Determining goals and scope: Our goal is to compare environmental impacts of scenarios that include different methods of disposal. The boundaries of the study start from the collection of municipal solid wastes from the transfer station and end<s>s</s> with the final disposal of waste (Figure 1)<br>
<img alt="" src="file:///C:Users1AppDataLocalTempmsohtmlclip1 1clip_image001.png" ><br>
<a name="OLE_LINK18"></a><a name="OLE_LINK17"><strong>Figure </strong></a><strong>1</strong><strong>. System boundary</strong><br>
Four scenarios have been investigated and evaluated in the environmental field (Table 1).<br>
<a name="OLE_LINK20"></a><a name="OLE_LINK19"><strong>Table </strong></a><strong>1. Disposal solid waste scenarios</strong>
<table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" dir="rtl">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="height:36px;">Scenario<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
<td style="height:36px;">Compost (%)<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
<td style="height:36px;">Recycle (%)<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
<td style="height:36px;">Incineration (%)<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
<td style="height:36px;">Landfill (%)<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="height:73px;">1<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
2<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
3<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
4<strong><span dir="RTL"></span></strong></td>
<td style="height:73px;">0<br>
68.4<br>
17.1<br>
0<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
<td style="height:73px;">0<br>
19.2<br>
15<br>
19.2<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
<td style="height:73px;">0<br>
0<br>
55.9<br>
69.8</td>
<td style="height:73px;">100<br>
12.4<br>
12<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
11<span dir="RTL"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div style="clear:both;"></div>2. Collecting data and life cycle inventory (LCI): Various tools have been developed for LCI, one of which is the IWM-2 model. The IWM-2 model is one of the lifecycle assessment models that can be used to define different scenarios and then to compare the environmental impacts of each scenario. At this stage, the data from physical analysis, the amount of waste produced, the stages of separation at source, collection, transportation and final disposal, were collected and analyzed and the amount of contamination caused by each of the scenarios and energy consumption were determined.<br>
3. Life cycle impacts assessment (LCIA): Assessing the impacts of the life cycle is a step of life cycle assessment, aimed at understanding and assessing the magnitude and significance of the potential environmental impacts of a product or service. At this step, the various information and data obtained at the LCI stage are reduced to less indicators and impact categories in order to facilitate the interpretation of this information and provide clearer outcomes to decision makers and managers. In this step, input data are allocated to the five impact categories of energy consumption, greenhouse gases, acid gases, photochemical gases and toxic emissions.<br>
4. Interpretation of results: At this stage, the results of the LCI and LCIA will be evaluated so that the stages or points which have the greatest and least harmful impacts on the environment in the production and consumption of the product have been determined. Finally, conclusions and solutions are explained.<br>
<strong>Results and discussion</strong><br>
Results of the model were allocated to five categories consisting of energy consumption, greenhouse gases, acid gases, photochemical gases and toxic emissions. In every category, the ecological index as a quantitative measure to compare scenarios was calculated.<br>
<strong>Conclusion</strong><br>
In this study, the life cycle assessment approach was used as a decision tool for choosing the appropriate waste disposal scenario in Sirjan city. The second scenario (68.4% compost, 19.2% recycling, 12.4% landfill) was selected as the preferred option for municipal waste disposal in Sirjan city. Also the results of this study show that in an integrated municipal waste management system, increasing the rate of separation and recycling will significantly reduce the release of environmental pollutants.<a href="./files/site1/files/142/5.pdf">./files/site1/files/142/5.pdf</a><span dir="RTL"></span><br>
مدیریت پسماند, ارزیابی چرخه حیات, شاخص اکولوژیکی, سیرجان
Waste management, Life Cycle Assessment, Ecological Index, Sirjan City
309
328
http://jeg.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1706-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Alireza
Rastikerdar
علیرضا
راستی کردار
alirezarstkrd@yahoo.com
10031947532846004478
10031947532846004478
Yes
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